Bulba V.Y., Reutskova O.M.
Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine
FINANCIAL RESULTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON INCREASE OF BUSINESS EFFICIENCY
During the formation of market relations in Ukraine the role of profit as a source of state interests, owners and staff of enterprises is growing.
One of the urgent tasks that business managers, accountants and scientists face is to develop and implement methods for effective management of the generation of profits in the process of economic activity.
To increase the efficiency of production and enterprise, proper calculation of income and organizing their accounting are important.
Proper use of standards 15 "Revenue", and 16 "Costs" and three above-mentioned principles – frequency, charges under revenue and expenditure – provides an opportunity to identify and compare income figures and expenditure of each reporting period reliably.
Reserves of profit increase and profitability are concerned with the tends of enterprise management, for executives and appropriate professionals (managers) detailed significance of the activity scale, forms of control and use of the most important internal and external indexes of effectiveness on various levels of a company’s management are important.
The main internal and external indexes of efficiency increase of an enterprise are:
1. Technology. Technological innovation, especially modern forms of automation and information technologies, have the most static influence on the level and dynamics of production efficiency.
2. Equipment takes the leading place in the program of efficiency increase of production activities first of all. Output of current equipment depends not only on its technological level, but also on proper organization of repair and maintenance of optimal service life, work shift.
3. Materials and energy positively affect the level of efficiency, if the problem of resource saving, reduction of material consumption and energy production are solved, management of material resources supply and sources of supply is rationalized.
4. Products. The products of labor, their quality and design are also important factors. The level of design must correspond to useful cost (the price the buyer is willing to pay for quality products).
5. Employees. The main source of growth and crucial factor of the efficiency increase of activity is employees – executives, managers, specialists and workers. Business traits of employees, increase of their work productivity are largely conditioned by business motivational mechanism in the company, maintaining a favorable social climate in the workplace.
6. Organization and systems. The unity of the staff, delegation of management, appropriate control rules describing good organization of the company that provides the required specification and coordination of administrative processes, and therefore the highest level of efficiency of any complex industrial and economic system. At the same time the latest one must be dynamic and flexible, periodically reformed to meet the new challenges arising from changes in the market to maintain high efficiency of management.
7. Methods of work. With the predominance of labor-intensive processes improved working methods are quite promising for the growth of enterprise efficiency. Constant improvement of work provides a systematic analysis of jobs and their certification, staff training, synthesis and use of the best accumulated business practice.
8. Management style that combines professional competence, efficiency and high ethics of relations between people, practically affects all areas of business. All this aspects influence on how external factors of the efficiency increase of the enterprise will be taken into account. Therefore, appropriate management style as an element of modern management is a compulsory factor for increase of business efficiency.
9. State economic and social policy significantly affects the efficiency of social production. Its main elements are:
a) practical activity of authorities;
b) different types of legislation;
c) financial instruments (measures, incentives);
d) economic rules and regulations (income regulations, price control, licensing);
e) macro-economic structural changes;
e) privatization program of state enterprises.
10. Infrastructure. An important prerequisite for the efficiency increase of an enterprises is a sufficient level of a network development of various institutions of market and production – economic infrastructure. All other business structures use the services of innovation funds and commercial banks, stock exchanges and other market infrastructure institutions. The effectiveness of the company depends directly on appropriate development of industrial infrastructure.
Only the skillful use of all the above-mentioned factors can guarantee a sufficient rate of production efficiency increase.
Literature:
1. Law of Ukraine "On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine" of 16.07.1999 № 996-XIV / / right. Taxes. Consultations. Systematic collection of laws. – 2007. – № 1. – S. 6-11.
2. Kuzhelnyi M. Theory of Accounting: [tutorial] / M. Kuzhelnyi, VG Linnik. – K.: MBK, 2001. – 334 p.
3. International Accounting Standards / [transl. from English. edited. SF Chairman]. – K.: Federation of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Ukraine, 1998. – 736 p.