Mizin V. V., Liashenko V. P., Bondar O. E., Didkivskyy A. P.

Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar

THE STATE OF AUTONOMIC ADAPTIVE RESPONSES OF STUDENTS UNDER INFORMATION LOAD

Nowadays the pace of life and the amount of information load are steadily increasing, which leads to emotional stress and the development of adaptive-compensatory reactions. This condition is characterized by activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, low functional capacity and physiological reserves. Ultimately this could lead to pathological conditions. Information load especially affects the vegetative adaptive response of students who have difficulty coping with the learning material. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the heart rate variability in students with low levels of physical activity that will determine the predominant type of the regulation and mechanisms of autonomic adaptive responses in terms of the presented dosage of information load.

The study involved 20 second-year and third-year students with low level of physical activity (aged 18–19 years) of Natural Sciences Departments of Dnipro­petrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar. The evaluation of physical activity was performed by the method of Fremenheim study. All the participants were healthy. To determine the variability of the heart rate we used a heart rate monitor POLAR RS800CH. The testing was conducted before and after the information load. The information load was carried out with the Schulte, Bourdon and Gorbov tests given in the computerized form and used for the integrated assessment of attention and the ability to perceive meaningful information. The statistical analysis of the results was carried out with nonparametric methods.

The results showed that the boys with low level of physical activity in the regulation of the heart rhythm demonstrated sufficiently high frequency and timing of heart rate variability. Among the indicators of heart rate variability before the information load, the indicator of VLF range dominates (41.6%), indicating a high level of suprasegmental structures impact on the cardiovascular system. There is an initial high level of LF low frequency range while the high-frequency HF spectrum is within the normal range (using standard HRV indices developed by the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of cardiostimulation and electrophysiology). The value LF/HF (3,13) indicates a disorder in balancing mechanisms of a vagal-sympathetic tone.

The information load causes changes in the mechanisms of vegetative activity. A significant reduction in the rate of power of VLF range (34.2%), an increase in the ratio of LF / HF and increase in time analysis of heart rate variability (STD RR (SDNN)) indicate a decrease of hyper adaptive condition. There is a slight increase in LF and HF power spectra, and a decrease in para­sympathetic activity level of autonomic regulation (RMSSD).

The results showed that students of the second and third years of study of Natural Sciences Departments demonstrated the prevalence of sympathetic regulation of heart rhythm disorders and the balance of autonomic nervous system. Information load significantly affects these parameters, which leads to disruption of autonomic regulation. The prevalence of the sympathetic link of controlling and functioning of the body under the internal stress can lead to the formation of organic and physiological disorders. The obtained results allow us to address the health of students and their formation as future professionals in an integrated way.