Pugach D., Gorb A., Tsvetayeva O.

Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University

THE DISPLACEMENT OF THE PHENOPHASE OF WINTER CROPS IN DNEPROPETROVSK IN CONNECTION WITH THE CHANGES OF THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE REGION

The changes in temperature in the upward influence on the ecological environment. The increasing of the the average temperature in Dnepropetrovsk in the XX century in 08 degrees [1] reflected in terms the phenophase of crops. So there is an urgent issue to study the changes in terms of occurrence and duration of the phases of development, particularly cereals.

The object of this work is to study phenophase of the winter wheat, the subject-phase changes due to changes in thermal regime.

The purpose is to study the temporal displacement of the phenophase winter wheat in the Dnepropetrovsk region due to global warming.

The study assigned materials monitoring phases of winter wheat during 1972–2010 years [2]. The rate of increase in average air temperature in the late XX and early XXI centuries observation period is divided into two half-cycles ‒1972–1990 and 1991–2010. The onset time and final phases of development of winter wheat are presented in each of the half-cycles for the northern, central and southern regions are evaluated. The phenophase of «termination vegetation» in central and northern areas was two days longer, and the phase of «vegetation» began one day earlier. Phases «earing», «bloom», «milking» and «full maturity» started 2–3 days earlier (Table 1). Harvesting started previously earlier.

Note. Sign «-» ‒ onset phanophase in the second half-cycle before in the first «+» sign ‒ onset phenophase later.

Table 1. The displacement of terms of the phenophase onset

of winter wheat in Dnepropetrovsk

In some years there has been lengthening and warming autumn season. In 2010, this fact made a positive impact to the development of winter wheat, which, due to insufficient rainfall and stocks of productive moisture in the soil, some farms were sown at 1-3 weeks after the optimal timing. But, in a warm autumn the phenophase of «termination vegetation» lasted even until the third week of November, which helped to perpetuate and bush the plants.

As a result, it can be argued, that the changing the terms of offense ends and the duration of phenophase crops appear in a warming climate.

The list of references:

1. Горб А. С. Клімат Дніпропетровської області / А. С. Горб, Н. М. Дук. – Д.:Вид-во ДНУ, 2006. – 201с.

2. Фондові матеріали Відділу експериментальних досліджень УкрНДГМІ та обласного статуправління.