Matveeva N. V., Shkil N. O.
Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine
TECHNOLOGY PARKS IN UKRAINE
The development of modern society is largely determined by the availability and efficiency of innovation processes taking place in it, causing the transformation of scientific research into new products, technologies and services. In today’s world one of the most effective mechanisms of the implementation of this transformation are various innovative structures and, above all, science and technology parks.
Science and Technology Park, combining research, technological and manufacturing companies, providing the fastest implementation of the results of research and exploration works, inventions in industry and business. The main objective of these innovative structures is to promote the development of high and ultra-high technology. Today in most developed countries, there are hundreds of successful functioning of such structures and their number is constantly increasing.
In June 2000, according to the Law of Ukraine «On special investment and innovation of technology parks», «Semiconductor technologies and materials,optoelectronics and sensor technology», «Institute of Electrowelding. EO Paton», «Institute of Mono Crystals». During the first two years of Ukrainian technology parks 53 investment and innovation projects are developed. The volume of produced innovative products makes up more than 100 million UAH. The amount of re-investment for the development of scientific and technological activities of its participants, close to 30 million UAH. Five new technology parks were created in 2002: «Vuglemash», «Institute of Engineering Thermophysics», «Intelligent information technology», «Ukrinfoteh», «Perspective» (National Technical University «KPI»). The activities of these technology parks aimed at introducing advances in the energy sector, industry, and non-traditional power system, industrial ecology, information and telecommunications technology, software.
In order to facilitate the efficient operation of technology parks as well as the introduction of mechanisms to ensure the implementation of a special regime of investment and innovation activities there was established the Commission on the organization of technological parks and innovation structures of other types. This is a permanent organ of the Cabinet of Ministers. It is composed of representatives of the responsible ministries and agencies, and leaders of Ukrainian parks. The Commission is engaged in strategic and urgent problems of technology parks activity, reviews deal and make decisions on the following issues: 1) creation, reorganization and liquidation of technology parks and innovation structures of other types; 2) definition of the priorities of the innovative structures, registration of projects executed by them; 3) improvement of indicators and criteria of economic and social efficiency projects; 4) improvement of the mechanism driving operational accounting costs for investment and innovation projects, implementation of appropriate public control and statistical and financial statements; 5) promotion the mechanism of calculation and targeted use of funds accumulated in special accounts technology parks; 6) control over the proper use of goods imported into Ukraine for investment and innovation projects.
One of the major functions of the Commission is the organization of examination and registration of investment and innovation. The general process management expertise and project registration are carried out by the Department of Innovation and Technology Transfer of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the working group on the preparation of proposals for the organization of technology parks and other types of innovative structures that determine the composition of the expert group for examination of the documents submitted. The expert group consists of at least three professionals: qualified researcher, who has a degree and is working with the profile of the project, a representative of a leading manufacturing organization (director or his deputy) of the profile of the project or of the competent authorities, a specialist in Economics and Finance (the Representative of the Ministry of Economy and leading consulting structure).
Scientific and technology parks combine research, technology and manufacturing company. The main objective of these innovative structures is to promote the development of high and ultra-high technology.
Eight technology parks, which performed 54 innovative and 7 investment projects were registered in Ukraine.