Конференция «Сучасні тенденції інноваційного розвитку держави в сфері соціально-економічних наук» (13-14 марта 2014г.). Поступившие работы

Minhaliieva T. I., Dzhindzhoyan V. V., Lobanova V. V.

Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Ukraine

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT IS THE PATH TO INCREASING OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY COMPETITIVENESS

The competitiveness of each country depends on many factors, but considering such processes as globalization and integration, we can’t compare the levels of countries’ development limiting only by indices of certain volumes of natural resources, capital and human potential. In order a country to be able to compete internationally with other countries, you should repeatedly pay attention to the volumes of scientific and technical work and to the level of innovation at enterprises. At the present stage of Ukraine’s development only innovation (moved, borrowed or invented) can contribute to the attraction of foreign investments to the country and to ensure going the state’s economy out at the global arena top ranking. International experience shows that for the countries with economies in transition, in particular Ukraine, it is very difficult to compete at the global market with developed countries, as evidenced by the low index of global competitiveness. Thus, in 2013–2014 the index for Ukraine was 4.05, which corresponded to the 84th position in the ranking among 148 countries (2012–2013 – the 73th position with index 4.1 ranking among 144 countries; 2011–2012 years – the 82th position with index 4.0 ranking among 142 countries) [1, с. 15].

In 2012 in Ukraine 1758 enterprises were engaged in innovative activity in the industry or 17.4 % of the surveyed industry to 1679 and 16.2 % in 2011. From the total number of innovation active enterprises 78.0 % introduced innovations. Over 40 % of innovation active enterprises were implementing innovative products. Innovation processes were implemented during the reporting period by 703 ​enterprises, of which 598 – have introduced new or improved methods of processing and production (process). New marketing strategies in 2012 introduced 178 enterprises. Organizational innovation carried out 147 enterprises [2].

According to the World Economic Forum, we examined the main directions of the category ‘Innovation’ in comparison with the best by representatives of each trend (Table 1) in detail.

Table 1. Ukraine’s position in pillar ‘Innovation’ of Global Competitiveness Index in 2013 [1]

Name of pillar

Ranking (among 148 countries)

Index (1–7)

The best representative

Index

State economy

12

Innovation

95

3.4

5.79

Finland

12.01

Capacity for innovation

100

3.2

5.8

Switzerland

12.02

Quality of scientific research institutions

69

3.6

6.4

Israel

12.03

Company spending on R&D

112

2.7

6.0

Switzerland

12.04

University-industry collaboration in R&D

77

3.4

5.8

Switzerland

12.05

Government procurement of advanced tech products

118

3.0

5.6

Qatar

12.06

Availability of scientists and engineers

46

4.5

6.3

Finland

12.07

PCT patents, applications/millionpop

52

2.9

302.7

Sweden

Thus, the innovation constitutes one of the main factors affecting the competitiveness of the country and is able to revitalize and improve the economy of the state. According to the above listed data Ukraine has considerable innovative potential, which should continue encouraging and develop. So one should not borrow achievements in the field of innovation in the neighboring states, but we ourselves have to develop and improve our achievements.

The list of references:

1. The Global Competitiveness Report 2013–2014 // World Economic Forum. – 2013. – С. 15, 22, 100–395.

2. Статистичний збірник «Наукова та інноваційна діяльність в Україні» [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/