Komarysta M. V., Tsvetayeva O. V.

Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University

TARAS SHEVCHENKO AND HIS PAYMENT IN UKRAINIAN LITERATURE

On March, 9, 2014 the world celebrated 200 years from a birthday the greatest Ukrainian writer Taras Grigorovich Shevchenko.

Taras had difficult life, parents died and he is left an orphan. He was the ordinary peasant fellow, but he was very talented youth: wrote poems, drew capable. Great success was that, he was able to become the student of Academy of arts. But studying in Academy of arts and intending hard to get trade education of artist, Shevchenko, however, all anymore realizes the poetic calling.

On April, 22 in 1838 Charl Bryullov bought Taras Shevchenko from serfdom after 2,5 thousand of roubles. In 1840 in Saint Petersburg at an assistance Yevhen Grebinka it is first given out «Kobzar». Eight works entered in collection in all: «Perebendya», «Kateryna», «Poplar», «Idea» («Why black eyebrows are me»), «To Osnovyanenko», «Ivan Pidkova», «Taras’s night» and «Thoughts my, thoughts my, misfortune to me with you».

Taras Shevchenko outlived three references, he was far from a native edge, but did not lose love in the heart to Ukraine. He drew, when it was forbidden him, wrote under threat for the life. It was strong a spirit, wise and clever man. O. Lazarevskiy, one of the best friends of Taras Shevchenko, wrote in the flashbacks: «And although the first period of Shevchenko in Orsk fortress was heavy for him, but he yet somehow took the hoodoo; when he was brought again there in May in 1850 under a severe supervision placed in fortress together with prisoners with which he executed all works intended for them, then Shevchenko to the end got to know position of prisoner. About this very difficult for him time Shevchenko did not like to remember and talk, and details of his life for those five months, presumably, known to nobody».

Taras Shevchenko died on March, 10, 1861; this was the peak of his creation and severe loss for Ukrainian literature. «In 5 o’clock p.m. Taras asked the men made tea and had a drink glass with creams. Taras got off in a workshop, moaned, fallen down, and in the half of 6th our dear, native poet did not become!..» – wrote O. Lazarevskiy in the flashbacks. Shevchenko lived only 47 years, from them 25 – in fortress slavery, 10 – in prisons and on reference. And other constantly being under a gendarme eye, being at war with privations. He died be single in a public closet, not carrying out even human dream about a domestic comfort in an own house.

A «Kobzar» of Shevchenko is a book which is in every family, it is Bible of the Ukrainian people, it is his history and future, in fact Shevchenko is yet named a prophet, because in his works to these pores it is possible to find answers for actual presently themes and see events which surround us in our time.

Works of Shevchenko translated on plenty of languages, his name is adopted educational establishments, theaters, streets. Many poems of prominent Kobzar are fixed on music, for example, of «Thought, my thoughts», «Testament», «Roars and moans Dnipr wide». Shevchenko became fame not only the works, but remarkable pictures, in fact in Academy of arts he became more favourite student of Bryullov.

T. Shevchenko was the faithful son of the enslaved people and wanted his liberation. He was sincerely penetrated the fate of other oppressed people of Russia; and no prohibitions or barriers were to restrain him brotherly senses. Never and in anything Shevchenko did not bring the people above other, in general did not search in him lines which would be peculiar only to him and more to nobody. Taras Shevchenko was a man in the family value of this word; at that he was the son of the time and the people, divided their defects in shallow, but in large, considerable, went at least to one hundred years ahead.

Fortunately, descendants do not forget of genius ancestor and every year celebrate birthday of large genius of Ukraine, faithful son. In «Kobzar» said:

«And in the great new family, The family of the free, With softly spoken, kindly word Remember also me».

The list of references:

1. Мистецька спадщина: У 4 т. / [Редкол.: О. І. Білецький та ін.] – К.: Вид-во АН УРСР, 1961–1963. – Т. 1–4.