«Актуальные вопросы в сфере социально-экономических, технических и естественных наук и информационных технологий» (3-4 апреля 2014г.)

Suhobrus V. E., Surovtcev A. B., Posudiievska O. R.

Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University

SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE SURFACTANTS FOR PASTY COMPOSITIONS BASED ON OLIGOMERIC DIENE RUBBER

Pasty fuels represent a homogeneous mixture of an oxidizer and a fuel polymeric binding. Besides, their structure includes various additives that affect energetic, rheological and ballistic properties.

The choice of components and mass ratio between them are caused by the possibility to set the necessary properties for such a perspective type of fuel which should correspond to the following basic requirements:

– stability of the composition at the temperature range from -10 to + 400C ;

– longtime sedimentation stability of the composition;

– high degree of filling ( at least 80 mas. %) and high charge density;

– low sensitivity to impact-kinetic action and absence of restrictions on change capacity.

Providing these requirements is possible due to the introduction of surfactants into the fuel composition for the improvement of wetting of the surface of fillers with binders, the increase in the degree of filling of the binders, as well as the decrease in viscosity of a pasty composition.

There was carried out an experimental estimation of rheological properties of pasty model compositions with the degree of filling 80 mas. % based on olygomeric diene rubber with the end hydroxyl groups. As surfactants, the researchers investigated the dinitrile of acrylic acid, a series of olygomeric polyoxypropyleneoxides with molecular weight from 280 to 1000, as well as titanorganic derivatives of polyoxypropyleneoxides.

It was found out that from the point of view of maintenance of good rheological properties at low temperatures it is the most expedient to use oligomeric polyoxypropyleneoxides as surfactants for the given low-polar binder. The influence of molecular weight of the given type of surfactants on the viscosity of compositions of identical structure was estimated.