Gergel D. Y., Bondar O. E., Marenkov O. N.

Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University

USING STEM CELLS IN THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING NEW ORGANS, TISSUES AND CELLS

I decided to choose a very interesting direction in biology and medicine which studies the possibilities of growing new organs and different cells from the stem cells.

Such methods will allow the mankind not to worry about the processes of aging because new organs can be composed of the material from the owner’s body. And also this is a good way for comphension how a lot of diseases function on the cellular level because contemporary science has learnt how to receive some living cells too. Scientists can create nerve cells, cells of a liver, cells of a heart, etc. In my opinion, such experiments facilitate our lives and bring to us the inception of our future invulnerability.

Obviously, such investigations are very expensive and now many people can’t afford them. But this is a question of time and it will be solved very soon. Growing tissues and organs will surpass the methods of implanting. And one more thing – very often people are going to face the problem of the availability of donor’s organs, it can still be difficult, but growing organs will solve this problem successfully.

Firstly, I would like to say a few words about stem cells. Stem cells are pdecessors of all cells and their functions are revitalizion, formation and differentiation of new cells according to their future assignments.

Scientists have conducted a lot of experiments using stem cells which are completely successful. I have a few examples which give a description of achievements in this sphere.

Let’s have a look at the newest information about the scientific achievements in this sphere.

The first example is a special machine called «Skin gun». It can heal many kinds of burns and scorches dispersing a solution with stem cells over the injured skin. This experiement was conducted by J. Gerlah and his colleagues from the Institute of Regenerative Medicine at The University of Pitsburg.

The scientists of Minnesota University have received an artificial heart which was formed with a framework of a real one having no living heart cells in it. They filled it with living cells which began to grow. During 8 days, the positive result was received and this heart was able to produce contractions and blood circulation fully.

Shay Mirecki from Israel’s company «Bonus Biogroup» has created the method of growing bones from greasy tissue.

The specialists from Tokyo University are working with the teeth which are received from stem cells.

The researchers of the University of Texas at Austin have produced cartilage tissue and after that Jay Vcsanti (surgeon) has grown the ear of a human with the help of those cartilages.

A lot of experiments are conducted to work with blood-vessels, muscles. Moreover, nowadays scientists can create blood cells.

So, I want to conclude, that such experiments with living matter will help us to overcome the lack of donor’s organs, processes of aging and, probably, death too. But we need to understand that such achievemts are the result of work with stem cells. We still cannot create the living cell using different materials. The way of understanding of how the life on the Earth appeared is not comphensible. Our efforts might solve this question basing on experimenting with stem cells and getting profound knowledge on the problem.