Gaydka Ezhi, Doctor of Science, Professor, Head of
the Department of Industrial Economics and Capital Market
MANAGEMENT
OF LOGISTIC SYSTEM AT THE MODERN ENTERPRISES
Use of logistic methods (methods of rational
housekeeping) at the enterprise helps to optimize expenses at implementation of
its financial and economic activity. In spite of the fact that the logistics exists
rather not so long period of time as a science, its importance does not raise
doubts and the accumulated knowledge and experience in this sphere are widely
used at the enterprises.
Nowadays a considerable part of the enterprises,
including food store chains, create departments of logistics for the purpose of
optimization of maintaining transport and warehouse economy. Creation of any
logistic system is the newest method of improvement of trade processes at the
enterprises.
For effective functioning of logistic system it is
necessary to have the maximum quantity of information on suppliers of products,
amounts, time and other parameters which allow to construct a logistic chain at
the enterprise. Existence of full information on an object of logistic system
gives the chance of complete control, irrespective of an arrangement links of a
logistic chain [2]. As some objects can be at considerable distance, the
information system allows to carry out the analysis of economic activity even
at the remote enterprises, to make rational logistic decisions on warehousing
and transportation of production. It allows to plan commodity-transport streams
and demand for separate types of production.
The logistic chain is a set of consecutive, logical
organizational and economic operations with the purpose of bringing a material
stream to the necessary logistic system or to an ultimate consumer [1].
Feature of logistic process is an integrated approach
to all organizational and economic components which characterize a logistic
chain. Such approach will allow to construct an optimum logistic chain which
will provide the shortest and the least expensive way in which the movement of
goods is carried out to the consumer . The logistic system which functions have
to cover all flow of goods from suppliers to distribution center of production
at any enterprise and then in chain stores.
In logistic management of expenses of the enterprises
it is expedient to apply matrix methods. Minti's
method and a method of an extremum of expenses belong
to such methods. Such methods are widely applied at the enterprises of various
branches of the national economy to rational management transport – warehouse
expenses.
The logistic system has the following features:
1.
Integrity. All
components of logistic system have to work as a unit for obtaining the maximum
result.
2.
Interrelation of
components. Between elements of such system there are organizational,
technological and production communications.
3.
Organization of
its elements. Ability of elements of logistic system to be organized, unite in
a whole.
4.
Hierarchy.
Elements of logistic system of the lowest level submit to elements of the
highest level respectively. It concerns linear or functional logistic
management.
5.
Structure. The
logistic system has a certain organizational structure where there is an
interrelation of objects and subjects of management.
Logistic systems are capable to react quickly to
various changes of the market and the external environment (change of demand,
the offer on goods, services and other). Take into consideration these
features, components of logistic system are capable to function as a unit and
to react quickly to any changes of the external environment [3].
So, effective functioning of logistic system allows
to optimize costs of warehousing, transportation and sales of products that
positively influences financial results of activity of the enterprise.
The list of
references:
1. Bade D. Technology in the Next
generation of Supply Chain Îutsourcing
– Leveraging Capabilities of Fouth Party
Logistics / D. Bade, J. Mueller, Br. Youd.
– Ascet Volume 1 (April, 2009).
2. Bernard J.
3. Velychko O. (2015) Logistical system Fortschrittzahlen in the management of the supply chain of
a multi-functional grain cooperative, Economics
and Sociology, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 127-146.